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Traffic services for vehicles: the process from receiving raw probe data to space-time diagrams and theresulting traffic service

Markus AUER, Hubert REHBORN, Sven-Eric MOLZAHN, Micha KOLLER

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 490-497 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017008

摘要： Today, large quantities of vehicle data (FCD: floating car data) are widely used by traffic service providers to create and broadcast traffic states in road networks. As a first processing step, all raw position data received from Global Positioning Systems (GPS) have to be map matched in a digital road map. The technical aspects of such a matching process for GPS data are described in this report. After the matching process, space-time-diagrams are created of the probe data showing traffic situation details over space and time. Various examples illustrate how traffic service quality depends on the number of matched GPS raw data; it will be stated that when 2% of connected vehicles in the total traffic flow are sending their GPS data in shorter time intervals, a high quality and precise reconstruction of the current traffic phases is achieved. Traffic reconstruction is followed by a translation into traffic information messages, which can be sent and used in vehicle navigation systems for driver information and dynamic route guidance.

关键词： floating car data map matching three phase traffic theory traffic reconstruction traffic service quality navigation systems

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Hierarchical modeling of stochastic manufacturing and service systems

Zhe George ZHANG, Xiaoling YIN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 295-303 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017047

摘要： This paper presents a review of methodologies for analyzing stochastic manufacturing and service systems. On the basis of the scale and level of details of operations, we can study stochastic systems using micro-, meso-, and macro-scopic models. Such a classification unifies stochastic modeling theory. For each model type, we highlight the advantages and disadvantages and the applicable situations. Micro-scopic models are based on quasi-birth-and-death process because of the phase-type distributed service times and/or Markov arrival processes. Such models are appropriate for modeling the detailed operations of a manufacturing system with relatively small number of servers (production facilities). By contrast, meso-scopic and macro-scopic models are based on the functional central limit theorem (FCLT) and functional strong law of large numbers (FSLLN), respectively, under heavy-traffic regimes. These high-level models are appropriate for modeling large-scale service systems with many servers, such as call centers or large service networks. This review will help practitioners select the appropriate level of modeling to enhance their understanding of the dynamic behavior of manufacturing or service systems. Enhanced understanding will ensure that optimal policies can be designed to improve system performance. Researchers in operation analytics and optimization of manufacturing and logistics also benefit from such a review.

关键词： stochastic modeling QBD process PH distribution heavy traffic limits diffusion process

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A building-based data capture and data mining technique for air quality assessment

Ni SHENG, U Wa TANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 543-551 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0369-4

摘要： Recently, a building-based air quality model system which can predict air quality in front of individual buildings along both sides of a road has been developed. Using the Macau Peninsula as a case study, this paper shows the advantages of building-based model system in data capture and data mining. Compared with the traditional grid-based model systems with input/output spatial resolutions of 1–2 km, the building-based approach can extract the street configuration and traffic data building by building and therefore, can capture the complex spatial variation of traffic emission, urban geometry, and air pollution. The non-homogeneous distribution of air pollution in the Macau Peninsula was modeled in a high-spatial resolution of 319 receptors·km . The spatial relationship among air quality, traffic flow, and urban geometry in the historic urban area is investigated. The study shows that the building-based approach may open an innovative methodology in data mining of urban spatial data for environmental assessment. The results are particularly useful to urban planners when they need to consider the influences of urban form on street environment.

关键词： traffic air pollution spatial distribution high resolution geographic information system

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Towards a self-adaptive service-oriented methodology based on extended SOMA

Alireza PARVIZI-MOSAED,Shahrouz MOAVEN,Jafar HABIBI,Ghazaleh BEIGI,Mahdieh NASER-SHARIAT

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第1期页码 43-69 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400040

摘要： We propose a self-adaptive process (SAP) that maintains the software architecture quality using the MAPE-K standard model. The proposed process can be plugged into various software development processes and service-oriented methodologies due to its explicitly defined inputs and outputs. To this aim, the proposed SAP is integrated with the service-oriented modeling and application (SOMA) methodology in a two-layered structure to create a novel methodology, named self-adaptive service-oriented architecture methodology (SASOAM), which provides a semi-automatic self-aware method by the composition of architectural tactics. Moreover, the maintenance activity of SOMA is improved using architectural and adaptive patterns, which results in controlling the software architecture quality. The improvement in the maintainability of SOMA is demonstrated by an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) based evaluation method. Furthermore, the proposed method is applied to a case study to represent the feasibility and practicality of SASOAM.

关键词： Quality attribute Adaptation pattern Architectural tactic Service-oriented architecture Self-adaptive process Architectural pattern

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交通土建结构长寿命安全保障的途径分析

钱永久,杜彦良

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第6期页码 6-11 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.002

摘要：

我国已建成了规模居于世界前列的交通基础设施，但由于多种因素的影响，交通基础设施重大结构的安全保障问题面临着越来越严峻的挑战。本文分析了我国交通基础设施的发展现状，综述了国内外相关领域的研究进展，讨论了我国交通基础设施重大结构长寿命安全保障领域存在的主要问题及实现安全保障的技术途径，提出了实施安全保障计划应达到的目标以及需解决的关键问题。

关键词：土建结构长寿命安全评估管理

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Multi-class dynamic network traffic flow propagation model with physical queues

Yanfeng LI, Jun LI

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 399-407 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017041

摘要： This paper proposes an improved multi-class dynamic network traffic flow propagation model with a consideration of physical queues. Each link is divided into two areas: Free flow area and queue area. The vehicles of the same class are assumed to satisfy the first-in-first-out (FIFO) principle on the whole link, and the vehicles of the different classes also follow FIFO in the queue area but not in the free flow area. To characterize this phenomenon by numerical methods, the improved model is directly formulated in discrete time space. Numerical examples are developed to illustrate the unrealistic flows of the existing model and the performance of the improved model. This analysis can more realistically capture the traffic flow propagation, such as interactions between multi-class traffic flows, and the dynamic traffic interactions across multiple links.

关键词： first-in-first-out (FIFO) multi-class traffic physical queues traffic flow modeling

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Integrating storm surge modeling with traffic data analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of hurricane

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 1301-1316 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0765-1

摘要： An integrated storm surge modeling and traffic analysis were conducted in this study to assess the effectiveness of hurricane evacuations through a case study of Hurricane Irma. The Category 5 hurricane in 2017 caused a record evacuation with an estimated 6.8 million people relocating statewide in Florida. The Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) model was applied to simulate storm tides during the hurricane event. Model validations indicated that simulated pressures, winds, and storm surge compared well with observations. Model simulated storm tides and winds were used to estimate the area affected by Hurricane Irma. Results showed that the storm surge and strong wind mainly affected coastal counties in south-west Florida. Only moderate storm tides (maximum about 2.5 m) and maximum wind speed about 115 mph were shown in both model simulations and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) post-hurricane assessment near the area of hurricane landfall. Storm surges did not rise to the 100-year flood elevation level. The maximum wind was much below the design wind speed of 150–170 mph (Category 5) as defined in Florida Building Code (FBC) for south Florida coastal areas. Compared with the total population of about 2.25 million in the six coastal counties affected by storm surge and Category 1–3 wind, the statewide evacuation of approximately 6.8 million people was found to be an over-evacuation due mainly to the uncertainty of hurricane path, which shifted from south-east to south-west Florida. The uncertainty of hurricane tracks made it difficult to predict the appropriate storm surge inundation zone for evacuation. Traffic data were used to analyze the evacuation traffic patterns. In south-east Florida, evacuation traffic started 4 days before the hurricane’s arrival. However, the hurricane path shifted and eventually landed in south-west Florida, which caused a high level of evacuation traffic in south-west Florida. Over-evacuation caused Evacuation Traffic Index (ETI) to increase to 200% above normal conditions in some sections of highways, which reduced the effectiveness of evacuation. Results from this study show that evacuation efficiency can be improved in the future by more accurate hurricane forecasting, better public awareness of real-time storm surge and wind as well as integrated storm surge and evacuation modeling for quick response to the uncertainty of hurricane forecasting.

关键词： storm surge modeling traffic evacuation Hurricane Irma

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Percolation-based health management of complex traffic systems

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 557-571 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0174-0

摘要： System health management, which aims to ensure the safe and efficient operation of systems by reducing uncertain risks and cascading failures during their lifetime, is proposed for complex transportation systems and other critical infrastructures, especially under the background of the New Infrastructure Projects launched in China. Previous studies proposed numerous approaches to evaluate or improve traffic reliability or efficiency. Nevertheless, most existing studies neglected the core failure mechanism (i.e., spatio–temporal propagation of traffic congestion). In this article, we review existing studies on traffic reliability management and propose a health management framework covering the entire traffic congestion lifetime, from emergence, evolution to dissipation, based on the study of core failure modes with percolation theory. Aiming to be “reliable, invulnerable, resilient, potential, and active”, our proposed traffic health management framework includes modeling, evaluation, diagnosis, and improvement. Our proposed framework may shed light on traffic management for megacities and urban agglomerations around the world. This new approach may offer innovative insights for systems science and engineering in future intelligent infrastructure management.

关键词： traffic health health management critical infrastructure systems science and engineering

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Semantic Consistency and Correctness Verification of Digital Traffic Rules

Lei Wan,Changjun Wang,Daxin Luo,Hang Liu,Sha Ma,Weichao Hu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.04.016

摘要： The consensus of the automotive industry and traffic management authorities is that autonomous vehicles must follow the same traffic laws as human drivers. Using formal or digital methods, natural language traffic rules can be translated into machine language and used by autonomous vehicles. In this paper, a translation flow is designed. Beyond the translation, a deeper examination is required, because the semantics of natural languages are rich and complex, and frequently contain hidden assumptions. The issue of how to ensure that digital rules are accurate and consistent with the original intent of the traffic rules they represent is both significant and unresolved. In response, we propose a method of formal verification that combines equivalence verification with model checking. Reasonable and reassuring digital traffic rules can be obtained by utilizing the proposed traffic rule digitization flow and verification method. In addition, we offer a number of simulation applications that employ digital traffic rules to assess vehicle violations. The experimental findings indicate that our digital rules utilizing metric temporal logic (MTL) can be easily incorporated into simulation platforms and autonomous driving systems (ADS).

关键词： Autonomous driving Traffic rules Digitization Formalization Verification

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服务供应链的信息共享机制及绩效研究

杨善林,程飞,杨昌辉

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第8期页码 80-86

摘要：

文章研究的服务供应链包含一个服务供应商和一个服务集成商信息共享机制问题。服务供应商提供原始服务产品或活动给服务集成商，而服务集成商依次以附加值集成服务出售给客户。在不确定性市场环境下，客户服务需求量带有价格敏感和随机性的特征。在服务供应商和服务集成商之间，探析服务供应链的不同信息传输方式下信息共享机制问题，评估服务供应链的绩效，其结果强调服务业开展信息共享的必要性。

关键词： service supply chain service vendor service integrator information sharing coordination

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出行者信息服务App对城市大气环境质量的效益评估 Article

黄文柯, 胡明伟

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第2期页码 224-229 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.03.003

摘要：

随着车辆保有量和年均行驶里程的快速增长，中国大城市的机动车尾气排放问题愈发严峻。本文研究了出行者信息服务App（尤其是导航类App）在改善整个交通网络运行效率的同时，是否能降低尾气排放。出行者信息服务App 提供的实时交通信息，不仅可以帮助出行者躲避拥堵，还会对出行者的出发时间、出行方式等造成影响。这种个体行为的变化，是否有利于提升城市的整体空气质量？以及可以在多大程度上降低机动车的尾气排放？我们试图揭示导航类App 提供的实时交通信息对城市空气质量的影响，研究成果可为城市交通政策和环境政策的制定提供参考。

关键词：实时交通信息移动终端环境效益智能体建模

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Fine-grained P2P traffic classification by simply counting flows

Jie HE,Yue-xiang YANG,Yong QIAO,Wen-ping DENG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第5期页码 391-403 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400267

摘要： The continuous emerging of peer-to-peer (P2P) applications enriches resource sharing by networks, but it also brings about many challenges to network management. Therefore, P2P applications monitoring, in particular, P2P traffic classification, is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for accurate P2P traffic classification at a fine-grained level. Our approach relies only on counting some special flows that are appearing frequently and steadily in the traffic generated by specific P2P applications. In contrast to existing methods, the main contribution of our approach can be summarized as the following two aspects. Firstly, it can achieve a high classification accuracy by exploiting only several generic properties of flows rather than complicated features and sophisticated techniques. Secondly, it can work well even if the classification target is running with other high bandwidth-consuming applications, outperforming most existing host-based approaches, which are incapable of dealing with this situation. We evaluated the performance of our approach on a real-world trace. Experimental results show that P2P applications can be classified with a true positive rate higher than 97.22% and a false positive rate lower than 2.78%.

关键词： Traffic classification Peer-to-peer (P2P) Fine-grained Host-based

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Evaluating the short-term effect of ambient temperature on non-fatal outdoor falls and road traffic injuries

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1705-1

摘要：

● A study assessing the temperature-injury relationship was conducted among students.

关键词： Ambient temperature Fall Road traffic injury Student China

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Special issue: Management of road and railway traffic and transportation engineering

Yongfu SUN, Ziyou GAO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 385-387 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017110

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一种基于业务需求与流量感知的卫星网络多路径路由算法 Research Article

邢紫阳1,2,祁晖1,2,底晓强1,2,3,刘晋尧1,2,许睿1,2,陈静1,2,从立钢1,2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第6期页码 844-858 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200507

摘要：随着低轨卫星制造和发射成本的降低，以及其覆盖范围大、数据传输速率高等优点，低轨卫星已成为空地网络数据传输的重要组成部分。但受地理位置及人们生活习惯等因素影响，用户对数据需求差异会造成网络流量不均衡，可能导致网络拥塞进而影响数据传输。传统卫星网络获取网络信息收敛慢，无法细粒度收集全局网络信息，不利于计算最优路由。多业务请求无法满足服务质量要求。本文将人工智能技术应用于低轨卫星网络，利用软件定义网络获取全局网络信息，感知网络流量，通过强化学习在线制定综合决策，实时更新最优路由策略。仿真结果表明，所提强化学习算法有良好收敛性和较强泛化能力。与传统路由相比，本文算法吞吐量提高了8%，且具有负载均衡性。

关键词：软件定义网络（SDN）；快速用户数据报协议互联网连接（QUIC）；强化学习；Sketch；多业务需求；卫星网络

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标题作者时间类型操作

Traffic services for vehicles: the process from receiving raw probe data to space-time diagrams and theresulting traffic service

Markus AUER, Hubert REHBORN, Sven-Eric MOLZAHN, Micha KOLLER

期刊论文

Hierarchical modeling of stochastic manufacturing and service systems

Zhe George ZHANG, Xiaoling YIN

期刊论文

A building-based data capture and data mining technique for air quality assessment

Ni SHENG, U Wa TANG

期刊论文